Maharashtra Board Science Test Question Paper Solution
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Q.A) Fill in the blanks.
- Grasses in the equatorial region are very tall.
- Fungi do not have chlorophyll so cannot perform photosynthesis.
- The stem grows above the soil from the plumule of the sprouting seed.
- Leaves of some plants have a stalk called a petiole
- The level of humidity in the air is determined by its capacity to hold water vapour.
- Water is a fluid substance.
- Fungi like mushroom and yeast are saprophytes .
- Animals that obtain their food from both plants and animals are called Omnivores .
- proteins are made from carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and nitrogen.
- Salt is a natural type of food preservative.
- Shopkeepers change the of the expiry date food packets fo avoid a financial loss.
- System International (SI) is also called metric system .
- mass does not change from place to place anywhere in the world.
- If a body is moving with a constant velocity, its acceleration is zero .
- The scientist Sir Isaac Newton was the first to study force and the resulting acceleration.
- W = F × S.
- Force is measured by the acceleration that it produces.
- A lightning conductor is made of a copper strip.
- Copper is a better conductor of heat than iron .
- Temperature is an indicator of the heat in a substance.
Q.B) Match the following.
1.
2.
3.
Q.C) Draw a neat labelled diagram.
01. Hibiscus
Answer:
02. Tap root
Answer:
03. Parts of stem
Answer:
04. Parts of leaf
Answer:
Q.D) Say whether true or false, correct and rewrite the false statements.
01. Killing or harming frogs is prohibited by the Wild Life Protection Act.
Answer: True
02. The anteater is found in India.
Answer: False
Explanation: The anteater is found in Central and South America
03. Charges cannot be transferred from one body to another.
Answer: False
Explanation: Charges can be transferred from one body to another
04. Spider shows saprozoic nutrition.
Answer: True
05. Copper is better conductor of heat than iron.
Answer: True
06. Terracotta soil is white in colour.
Answer: False
Explanation: Terracotta soil is red in colour
Q.E) Answer in one or two sentences.
01. What theories were proprosed by Charles Darwin?
Answer: The theories of Charles Darwin are Theory of natural selection and theory of survival of the fittest.
02. What is called reticulate venation?
Answer:
- A leaf is divided into two equal parts by a single mid-vein which lies along the midline of the leaf blade.
- Secondary veins arise from the mid-vein. They are branched and form a network or reticulum. Such a type of venation is called reticulate venation.
03. What is the colour of Terracotta soil?
Answer: Red is the colour of Terracotta soil.
04. Why we boil milk from time to time?
Answer: We boil milk from time to time to kill microorganisms in it and thus prevent it from getting spoilt.
05. What is M.K.S unit of Force.
Answer: newton
Q.F) Write short answers.
01. What is atmospheric pressure?
Answer: The molecules of the gases in the air are in constant motion. When these molecules strike a body, they create pressure on that body. This pressure of air is called atmospheric pressure.
02. Explain the terms Autotrophic and Parasitic.
Answer:
- Plants which are able to produce their own food with the help of the process of photosynthesis are called autotrophic plants eg. All green plants.
- Plants which are not able to produce their own food but depend upon other plants for their nutrition are called parasitic plants They are leafless and non green in colour eg. Dodder (cuscuta). They have haustorial (sucking) roots for absorbing nutrients from the host plant.
03. Why are the underground parts of plants like radish, carrot, beet and sweet potato
thick, fleshy and swollen? Which parts of the plant are they?
Answer: The underground parts of plants like radish, carrot, beet and sweet potato are thick, fleshy and swollen because they store food in the form of starch. These are the root part of the plant.
04. What is Vector quantity?
Answer: The quantity that is expressed completely only 'v'. When magnitude and direction are both given is called a vector quantity. Displacement, velocity are vector quantities e.g. a displacement of 20 km towards north, the aeroplane flying at a velocity of 500 km/hr towards Mumbai.
05. What is a tsunami? What gives rise to a tsunami?
Answer:
- Waves generated by an earthquake or volcano occurring on the ocean floor is called ‘tsunami’. ‘Tsunami’ is a Japanese word which means ‘harbour wave’.
- As on land, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occur, at the bottom of the sea, too.
- If an earthquake occurs at the bottom of ocean, the energy released pushes the water upwards. As a result of this particular type of waves are formed.
- These waves are not very high near the source, but they start spreading very fast to long distances.
- The velocity of these waves is 800 to 900 km/hr. When they reach a coastal area, their velocity is reduced, but their height is found to have increased tremendously even to about 30 m. These are tsunami waves.
Q.G) Explain.
01. Cloudburst
Answer:
- Sometimes the water coming down from rain clouds does not reach the land in the form of rain. Instead, due to very high temperature near the land, it vaporizes and goes back into the same clouds.
- As a result the amount of vapour in those clouds becomes very high.
- Due to rapid condensation, it rains suddenly over a specific and small region at a rate of 100 mm per hour or more. This is known as a cloudburst.
02. The various steps of nutrition in animals.
Answer: Steps of nutrition in animals are as follows:
- Ingestion: Food is taken into the body.
- Digestion: Conversion of food into simple soluble forms.
- Absorption: Transfer of soluble food to the blood.
- Assimilation: Utilization of absorbed food by cells and tissues for energy production, growth and repair.
- Egestion: Removal of waste products and undigested food from body.
03. Why is the camel called the ‘ship of the desert’?
Answer:
- Camel lives in a desert easily due to following adaptations. It has long legs and cushioned soles which keep the body of camel above the sand and cushioned soles do not allow to sink in sand while walking.
- The nostrils are protected by folds of skin.
- The eyelashes are long and thick.
- It has hump which stores fats so it helps camel to survive in desert for many days without food and water.
04. Functions of various parts of a plant.
Answer: The functions of various parts of a plant are as below.
- Root: (a) Fixation: It anchors the plant body to the soil, so helps in fixation, (b) Absorption: It absorbs water and nutrients from the soil, so helps in absorption, (c) Conduction: The root translocates water and mineral salts into the stem. (d) Storage: A certain amount of food is stored in the root which is utilized as it grows.
- (e) Preventing soil erosion: It helps to bind the soil particles and prevent them from being blown away by wind or water.
- Stem: (a) It supports and holds leaves, flower and fruits, (b) The stem conducts the water and minerals from roots to leaves and fruits, (c) It stores the food.
- Leaves: (a) It synthesizes food for the plant, (b) Stomata, the tiny openings in the leaf help in gaseous exchange and are responsible for the process of transpiration.
- Flower: It helps in pollination.
- Fruit: (a) It protects the seed, (b) It helps in seed dispersal.
- Seed: A new plant develops from it.
05. the various uses of soil?
Answer: The uses of soil are as follows:
- Plant conservation: To help plants grow. Water conservation: Soil holds water. As a result, by means of bunds and lakes, we can get water for use throughout the year.
- Plasticity: (a) Soil can be given any required shape. This property of soil is called plasticity, (b) Because of its plasticity, we can use it to make articles of a variety of shapes, (c) These articles can be baked to make them hard, (d) Water storage earthen pots, earthen lamps, idols, bricks etc. are articles made from s
Q.H) Explain the picture in your own words.
Answer:
- Diagram (a): Water is filled in the crack.
- Diagram (b): Water in the crack turns to ice due to decrease in temperature. When it turns to ice the volume increases and it expands. Due to expansion, the size of crack widens more than in diagram (a).